Publikačná činnosť

Conference Paper

The seismics loading and his impact on the geotechnical structure

Chabroňová, J., Ortuta, J., Paločko, P.

International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference Surveying Geology and Mining Ecology Management, SGEM, 2017, 17(12), pp. 937-944
Abstract
International Seismological Centre (ISC, Newbury, UK) annually locates about 30,000 earthquakes that may occur with macro-seismic effects (effects on people, objects, nature, and buildings). Catalog of the earthquakes, observed since 1034, contains information about more than 650 earthquakes that have macro-seismic effects in Slovak´s territory. The strongest earthquake was recorded on 28.06.1763 with the epicenter near Komárno and only in the town itself completely destroyed the seven churches and 279 houses. 63 people were killed and 102 were injured. The surface of the area, where macro-seismic upheavals were recorded, was 87,000 km2, larger than the Slovakia territory of the present day, intervened in the south to Belgrade, southeast to Temešvár and the northwest after Leipzig. Epicentral´s intensity of the earthquake was 8-90 and in this area were appeared cracks in the ground. In the past decade, seismic activity over Slovakia was low. Most probably it is a preparation period for stronger earthquakes in the future. But, we haven´t sufficient knowledge’s to estimate, when and where they occur. Probably the most important practical consequence of the determination of seismic hazard, for some localities, is that the construction engineers have available values of the seismic hazard´s characteristics, which provide input for calculating the expected seismic loads on building structures. The tectonic evolution of Slovakia did not stop, therefore is, more than likely, that the similarly strong earthquake definitely come in the future. The article is devoted to possibilities, how as closely as possible including seismic loads in the calculation and assessment of geotechnical structures.

Conference Paper

Skúsenosti s projektovaním cestnej infraštruktúry na Slovensku

Dubravský, M., Brigant, I., Bakoš, M.

Cestná konferencia, 2017

Abstract
Projektovanie cestnej infraštruktúry na Slovensku je v dnešnej dobe omnoho náročnejšie ako kedykoľvek predtým. Nielen z dôvodu detailného riešenia jednotlivých objektov a vybavenia cestnej komunikácie, ale aj z koncepčného riešenia stavby ako celku, s nadväznosťou na okrajové podmienky. Plány investora sú ovplyvnené možnosťami financovania daného projektu, čo v niektorých prípadoch vedie k zmene medzi jednotlivými stupňami dokumentácie. Nedodržiavanie dlhodobého plánu komplikuje projektovú prípravu, čo má za následok zmenu koncepčných riešení v jednotlivých stupňoch dokumentácie. Nedostatočná predprojektová príprava, obchádzanie plánovaných stupňov projektovej dokumentácie má v konečnom dôsledku za následok viacero negatívnych vplyvov na konečný projekt a realizácia stavby sa posúva. Dlhodobá koncepcia rozvoja cestnej siete by mala byť nastavená na dlhšie obdobie a nemala by byť ovplyvnená politickými záujmami jednotlivých vlád. Súčinnosť jednotlivých štátnych organizácií je v niektorých prípadoch nedostatočná. Kraje neriešia kritické problémy obcí, obce zakladajú občianske združenia, organizujú petície, aby sa daný problém vyrieši v ich prospech. Článok bližšie rozoberie problematiku projektovania diaľnic a rekonštrukcie ciest, a to nielen z hľadiska technického, ale hlavne z hľadiska objasnenia pozadia projekčných prác, ktoré vo veľkej miere rozhodujú o výslednej podobe riešeného projektu. Článok priblíži chronologický sled problémov a následne riešení, s ktorými sa projektant dennodenne stretáva. Výsledkom by malo byť poukázanie na vytvorenie strategického plánovania dopravnej infraštruktúry štátu na dlhšie obdobie, ktoré by zabránilo spomínaným problémom.

Conference paper

Assessment of geotechnical constructions from the perspective of sustainable use of natural resources

Tóth, V.

11th International Conference Geosyntetika 2017, Žilina, p. 72-81
Abstract
In terms of the European Parliament and of the Council (EU). 305/2011 §43d every building must satisfy the essential requirements. These requirements in addition to mechanical resistance and
stability of buildings and safety in case of fire are not least the requirement for the sustainable use of natural resources. And just today, when the climate impacts of human activity increasingly
been included in high-level European and global community, we also have, the creators of designs building structures begin to fulfil these requirements. This article will therefore pay comparisons between geotechnical structures because of their impact on the environment.

Conference paper

Application of geosynthetics during construciton of the motorway D3 Čadca Bukov – Svrčinovec in complicated terrain

Ortuta, J., Paločko, P.

11th International Conference Geosyntetika 2017, Žilina, p. 104-108
Abstract
Geosynthetics products are more widely used in the modern civil engineering. Support structures reinforced by geosynthetics are used as economically more suitable alternative to massive cast in place structures. Drainage geokompozite are used to reduce thickness of consolidation layers. One of the most important task of geotechnical engineer is to decide which type of geosynthetics
is the most suitable for designed structure. Different properties should have geogrids reinforcing support structures and different properties should have geomats increasing stability of sloped
surface. Individual types of geosynthetics products are produced by different technologies and maximum usability can be reached by modification of materials. Aim of the paper is to describe application of geosynthetics on the individual structures on the motorway D3 Čadca Bukov – Svrčinovec and positive influence of the geosynthetics structures to global stability on the places with very difficult geotechnical conditions and broken terrain.

Conference paper

The influence of material models for the effective design of the primary lining

Bakoš, M., Ortuta, J., Paločko, P.

North American Tunneling Conference, NAT 2018, 2018, 1, pp. 349-353
Abstract
The finite element method made a significant impact of the static assessment of tunnel primary lining. The Mohr-Coulomb model is widely used. However, this model is not economically optimal. Designers can use other material models which are more suitable for rock environments resulting in a more economical design. Tunnel Soroška is designed as a 4.2 km long road tunnel in karst rock. One tunnel tube for both directions will be built in the first phase. The construction had an interesting result during the calculation of the primary lining. The article presents a summary of geotechnical inputs for the efficient selection of the material models and a method of optimizing the calculation that takes the economic and environmental aspects of the design work into account.

Conference paper

The design of soil reinforced structures with thin concrete facing panels under railways

Tóth, V., Ortuta, J., Adamec, J.

11th International Conference on Geosynthetics 2018, ICG 2018, 2018, 3, pp. 2283-2290
Abstract
The systems of polymeric reinforced soil walls with thin concrete facing panels have been well known for a few decades as a very good alternative to conventional gravity concrete walls. These systems were developed due to big demand from construction point of view, searching for ways how to reduce the cost of existing gravity retaining walls made of concrete and also to speed up the time construction. From designer's point of view, there was a need to tackle geotechnical problems as the big size of the structure, differential settlements, earthquake loading, etc. The article talks about the invention and first tests of these structures, about design methods, system components, and also about references.

Journal article

Determination of global stability for a group of geotechnical objects in complicated geological conditions

Ortuta, J., Tóth, V., Paločko, P.

Proceedings of the XVII European Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering
Abstract
Slope deformations in Slovakia are one of the most widespread and to some extent one of the most dangerous country geohazards, and represent a significant geobarriers to urbanization planning. A problem of slope deformations is currently very actual. In 2008, were registered 21 190 slope deformations in Slovakia (approximately 5,25% of total land area). In May last year, the great landslides caused by storm rainfalls and floods were activated, especially in eastern Slovakia. There were registered a total of 551 newly slope deformations. The article discusses a method of determining global stability, which represents two different views on the calculation, when global stability is provided by a system of geotechnical structures, and when the calculation of global stability is determined for each object separately.

Conference paper

Limestone cavern influence to primary lining analysis for tunnel Soroška

Paločko, P.; Bakoš, M.; Ortuta, J.

Tunnels and Underground Cities: Engineering and Innovation meet Archaeology, Architecture and Art- Proceedings of the WTC 2019 ITA-AITES World Tunnel Congress, 2019, pages 6014 - 6019
Amstract
Motorway R2 will be a part of the Slovakia southern corridor connecting west part of country to east. The tunnel Soroška 4.2 km long will be a part of this motorway. It is placed in Slovak karst-listed as UNESCO protected area. Slovak karst is known for a lot of caverns and caves. Cavern in the rock environment can be filled by gas or water. This causes next change in stress state. The next parameter coming to an equation is a permeability of cavern boundary and difference between pore pressure in rock environment and pressure in cavern. The authors present an idea of pseudo-discrete continuum model of the caverns or collapsed caves. This model conducted study the behavior of caves in the primary failure mode that is associated with initial breakage of the rubble skeleton. The model is a combination of the discrete particle assembly generation and the finite element analysis of this assembly.

Conference paper

Geohazard in consequence of ignoring primary stress state and failure to observe the construction process of stabilizing constructions designed by geotechnical engineer

Ortuta, J., Tóth,V., Paločko, P.

International Conference on Transportation Geotechnics, Chicago, 24.-27.5.2020
Abstract
With slope movements man does not encounter every day, but it should be noted that this happens, and it happens more often. These movements are influenced only by two factors, namely nature and humans themselves. Slope deformations are one of the most widespread and to some extent one of the most dangerous country geohazards, and represent a significant geobarriers to urbanization planning. A problem of slope deformations is currently very actually. With gradually expanding populations are extensive and demanding technical works built in increasingly complex and less favorable geological conditions. In complex geological conditions it is mainly about understanding the overall geological environment with the development and effective design of geotechnical structures designed to ensure long-term stability. The term effective design is meant a set of geotechnical construction, which complement each other, so that their final
effect has the desired influence. In this paper, we have attempted to describe ways of determining global stability, which is directly conditional on the building progress of stabilizing construction. This procedure creates and directs geotechnical engineer. Any change in construction has an impact on the global calculation, which should be adapted and subsequently verified. This calculation also influences new geological and geomechanical conditions that are specified by the construction process. Contractor but these essential steps, due to time and cost skips and thus embarks on the risky work, often with fatal consequences.

Conference paper

Determining global stability for a group of geotechnical objects in complex geological conditions

Ortuta, J., Tóth, V., Brigant, I.

SCG-XIII International Symposium on Landslides, Cartagena, Colombia, 15.-19.6. 2020
Abstract
An old Arab proverb says that if a mountain is to fall, it will fall even if it is caused only by a grain of sand. In this sentence, the whole, humanly observed process of the influence of nature and time on global stability is described. Its determination is therefore not only a simple calculation, where all forces can be put in proportion. In complex geological conditions it is mainly about understanding the overall geological environment with the time development and effective design of geotechnical structures to ensure long-term stability. Effective design means a set of structures that complement each other so that their ultimate impact has the desired effect. Therefore, the calculation is also conditioned by a precisely given construction process and time dependence. This is the primary input that should be identified by the geotechnical engineer at the start of the design work. This procedure is constant and all further work must be based on it. On this basis, it can then be easily engaging individual contractors in the process of building and effectively manage the overall construction. The paper deals with the construction of highway in difficult geological conditions of Carpathian flysch and numerical determination of global stability for primary state. Areas represent active landslides, through design of geotechnical structures for its stabilization in dependence on time and progress of construction in urban area to real construction of highway itself.

Article

Drenážny odvodňovací systém v tuneli a možnosti nedeštruktívnej sanácie.

Frťalová, M., Ortuta, J., Paločko, P.

Inžinierske stavby 05/2021
Abstract
Cestné komunikácie predstavujú dôležitú súčasť našej infraštruktúry. Vykonané kontroly a následné analýzy ukazujú, že v súčasnosti je veľké percento cestných komunikácií poškodených a vyžadujú si sanačné práce. Vzhľadom na vysoký nárast mobility a tým pádom používanie cestných sieti je to spojené s potencionálnym rizikom a možnosťou systematickým únavovým poškodzovaním. Poruchy odvodňovacieho systému bývajú jedným z hlavných dôvodov, ktorý môže viesť k poškodeniu komunikácií a k zníženiu dopravnej bezpečnosti. Preto preventívne opatrenia môžu dlhodobo zlepšiť kvalitu a životnosť týchto konštrukcií. Daná problematika je však nedostatočne riešená. V stavebnom odvetví chýba v tomto smere odborná literatúra, overené technológie a v neposlednom rade širší trh s ponukou realizácií sanačných prác pre odvodňovacie systémy.

Príspevok

Zosilnenie nosníka Vloššák voľnými lanami Monostrand

Kožlej, Ľ.

Betonárske dni 2022, Zborník príspevkov, str. 259 - 264,
Abstract
Mostný objekt M5850.01 je 8-poľový cestný most z predpätých prefabrikátov typu Vloššák. Na moste je vedená cesta II/547. V čase príprav projektovej jednostupňovej dokumentácie
na rekonštrukciu mosta v stupni dokumentácia na stavebné povolenie v podrobnostiach dokumentácie na realizáciu stavby (DSPRS) došlo k náhlemu zhoršeniu stavebnotechnického stavu krajného nosníka v poli č. 5, ktoré premosťuje železničnú trať Košice -Žilina. Príspevok sa zameriava na technické riešenie zosilnenia nosníka typu Vloššák voľnými lanami Monostrand.